Critically endangered
60 species| Photo | English | සිංහල | தமிழ் | Scientific name | IUCN | Endemic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agarapatana Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis scalpensis | CR | — | |
| Alwis’ Shadowdamsel | — | — | Ceylonosticta alwisi | CR | Endemic | |
| Annandale’s Guitarfish | — | — | Rhinobatos annandalei | CR | — | |
| Armitage’s Rasbora | — | — | Rasbora armitagei | CR | Endemic | |
| Bambaradeniya’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus bambaradeniyai | CR | Endemic | |
| Bandarawela Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis latha | CR | — | |
| Bentfin Devil Ray | — | — | Mobula thurstoni | CR | — | |
| Butewe’s Day Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis butewai | CR | — | |
| Ceylon Clubtail Dragonfly | — | — | Anisogomphus ceylonicus | CR | — | |
| Cheeky Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus procax | CR | Endemic | |
| Dayawansa’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus dayawansai | CR | Endemic | |
| De Silva’s Rough-Sided Snake | — | — | Aspidura desilvai | CR | Endemic | |
| Deignan Tree Skink | — | — | Lankascincus deignani | CR | Endemic | |
| Dumbara Corrugated Frog | — | — | Lankanectes pera | CR | Endemic | |
| Elegant Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus decoris | CR | Endemic | |
| Flint’s Emerald Dragonfly | — | — | Macromia flinti | CR | Endemic | |
| Godagedara’s Day Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis godagedarai | CR | — | |
| Golden-Eyed Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus ocularis | CR | Endemic | |
| Goodale’s Shadowdamsel | — | — | Ceylonosticta goodalei | CR | — | |
| Handapan Ella Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus lunatus | CR | Endemic | |
| Hawksbill Turtle | පෑ කැස්බෑවා | அழுங்காமை | Eretmochelys imbricata | CR | — | |
| Jagath Gunawardena’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus jagathgunawardanai | CR | Endemic | |
| Jan’s Worm Snake | — | ஜான் புழுப்பாம்பு | Gerrhopilus mirus | CR | Endemic | |
| Karu’s Horned Lizard | — | — | Ceratophora karu | CR | Endemic | |
| Kegalle Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis menikay | CR | — | |
| Kelaart’s Starry Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus stellatus | CR | Endemic | |
| Kohukumbure’s Day Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis kohukumburai | CR | — | |
| Moore’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus mooreorum | CR | Endemic | |
| Müller’s Earth Snake | — | — | Rhinophis punctatus | CR | Endemic | |
| Nancy’s Shadowdamsel | — | — | Ceylonosticta nancyae | CR | Endemic | |
| Newton Jayawardanei’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus newtonjayawardanei | CR | Endemic | |
| Nilgala Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis nilgala | CR | — | |
| Noellert’s Toad | — | — | Duttaphrynus noellerti | CR | Endemic | |
| Poppy’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus poppiae | CR | Endemic | |
| Rajakaruna’s Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis rajakarunai | CR | — | |
| Rammale Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis rammalensis | CR | Endemic | |
| Ratnapura Shadowdamsel | — | — | Ceylonosticta mirifica | CR | Endemic | |
| Retigala Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis retigalensis | CR | — | |
| Roshan Perera’s Shieldtail | — | — | Rhinophis roshanpererai | CR | Endemic | |
| Rough-Bellied Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis tropidogaster | CR | Endemic | |
| Rupasinghe’s Shadowdamsel | — | — | Ceylonosticta rupasinghe | CR | Endemic | |
| Samanala Round-Eyed Gecko | — | — | Cnemaspis samanalensis | CR | — | |
| Samarakoon’s Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus samarakoon | CR | Endemic | |
| Scalloped Hammerhead | — | — | Sphyrna lewini | CR | — | |
| Schistura scripta | — | — | Schistura scripta | CR | — | |
| Sinharaja Shrub Frog | — | — | Pseudophilautus simba | CR | Endemic | |
| Spinetail Devil Ray | — | பேய் மீன் | Mobula mobular | CR | — | |
| Sri Lanka Cruiser | — | — | Macromia zeylanica | CR | Endemic |
